Effect of different concentration and application time of vitamin B12 on antioxidant response of Physiophora alceae

The drug waste and food contaminants have direct and indirect effect on the life quality and even ecosystem structure and function. The presence of ecosystem concept leads to make interaction between organisms and environment, in which the ability of energy distribution can be occurred and affected the ecological concept such as food chain, ecological pyramids and food web can be observed. Physiophora alceae, can occur around decaying vegetables and dung. The presence of decaying environment may leads to oxidative stress as a result of environmental pollutants presence. There are a lot of exo-antioxidants drugs are used, especially vitamins "vitamin B12" to decline the oxidative stress and restore the homeostasis between antioxidants and oxidants. Here, we examined the ability of insect to use as bioremediation tool of drug waste. Also, we studied the physiological effects of oxidative stress markers in case of induction with vitamin B12 in adult insect Physiophora alceae. Around 500 insect flies were treated with commercial vitamin B-12. The first group treated with different concentration (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 µg/mL) after 6 hours injected insect and the other group treated with 2 µg/mL vitamin B12 with different time course (1,2,3,and 4 h). Similar trend was found almost between different time and concentration on the oxidative stress parameters. The correlation factor between O2.- and H2O2 showed a strong positive 0.921. These findings emphasized that the oxidative stress parameters can be used as an indicator of insect bioremediation ability